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BBC Africa Eye investigation examines horrific cases of child sexual abuse and incest in northern Uganda.

During the pandemic, underage pregnancies soared in Uganda with a 366.5% increase in girls aged 10-14 becoming pregnant.1 The north in particular, has suffered a tragic level of child sexual abuse and incest – which many claim is caused by a legacy of a 20-year civil war led by Joseph Kony and the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA).

For the BBC Africa Eye investigation, Uganda’s Stolen Innocence, reporter Paul Bakibinga returns to his homeland of Uganda and travels to the north, to investigate the true scale of the problem in the region, and the price of justice for many.

Dr. Baifa Arwinyo, Head of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Gulu Regional General Hospital, spoke to the BBC about the complexities of underage pregnancies. “From the last financial year’s report, about 23% of our pregnancies were teenagers. If I’m talking of teenage mothers, all of them are defiled.” She added: “Because they are young, their bodies are not developed to handle a delivery. And you’ll find that young mothers are the highest proportion of those dying of obstructed labour.”

In Uganda, defilement is defined as unlawful sexual intercourse with a girl below the age of 18 – the legal age of consent. If a girl is under 14, or her abuser is a carer or HIV positive, or if the accused is a repeat offender, it becomes aggravated defilement. Incest is a separate crime under the Penal Code.

Despite ongoing cases of defilement, the investigation found that criminal convictions remain low due to scarce resources and alleged corruption throughout the justice system.

A mother to a three-year old victim who was defiled by a relative, told BBC Africa Eye of her ordeal to find justice: “The community wanted everything to be kept within, but the police had already been informed and he got arrested.” Despite medical evidence supporting the abuse, the perpetrator was released on bail as the due legal process was not followed properly. The mother did not have the financial means to continue the legal case.

Eunice Lakaraber Latim, legal counsel for NGO Caritas, explained how poverty and corruption have led to an increase in such cases: “Growing up from Gulu, I saw so many children getting defiled, and most of those parents did not have the resources to pursue the justice that their children deserved.” She added: “You have to literally pay your way to get justice. You have to pay money for fuel to have the suspect apprehended.”

BBC Africa Eye also obtained an exclusive interview with Minister of State for Northern Uganda, Grace Freedom Kwiyucwiny who acknowledged wider challenges within the justice system. “I can’t deny corruption…It’s at all levels. We have laws on defilement, we have laws on incest, but somehow again, people just go behind the law and bribe police.” On the level of cases prosecuted she added: “There are cases which have been prosecuted, but the number is not high. From the cases which were reported, only 6% reached court.”

The Regional Police Commander Nachula Damalie denied police corruption but admitted that there were problems in how some cases are dealt with.

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Minister Agnes Nandutu snubs police summons, risk arrest

Agnes Nandutu

State Minister for Karamoja, Agnes Nandutu has snubbed the police summons, Eagle Online can reveal.

According to Police Spokesperson Fred Enanga, Nandutu was summoned to appear before Police CID over the mismanagement of iron sheets which were meant for the people of Karamoja; however, he didn’t show up.

“She was summoned to clarify some additional areas of inquiry but she didn’t turn up. I would like to remind all witnesses who are a subject of investigation to cooperate with the task team of Investigators. The information required can either approve or disapprove the allegations,” he said.

At least two Ministers have been charged over the Karamoja iron sheets with the first being minister for Karamoja Mary Goretti Kitutu, and Ntenjeru North MP Amos Lugoloobi.  Enanga however confirmed that another minister had been arrested however he didn’t reveal who.

Individuals who are involved in the scandal include; Rebecca Kadaga, Jacob Oboth Oboth, Hamson Obua, Amos Lugolobi, Matia Kasaija, Speaker Anita Among, Prime Minister Robina Nabanja, Henry Musasizi, Monica Kaducu, Lukia Nakadama and others.

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Uganda, China sign MoU to rehabilitate Tororo-Gulu railway line

Government of Uganda has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the China Road and Bridge Corporation, (CRBC) to rehabilitate the Tororo to Gulu section of the meter gauge railway line.

This comes days after the company completed the rehabilitation of the Malaba-Tororo stretch which is now operational.

The signing was presided over by Al-Hajji Abdallatiff Dhakaba Wangubo, the Uganda Railways Corporation (URC) board chairperson.

Wangubo expressed satisfaction with the quality and speed of the Chinese company in the completed phase.

He said, “Completing the task within the timeline will save the entity money and other resources, and the project will go a long way in boosting economic activity in the region and also protecting roads from overuse by trucks.”

The 375-kilometer railway line runs through Mbale, Soroti, and Lira before terminating at the Gulu Logistics Hub (GLH), bringing the total distance of the northern corridor so far to more than 700 kilometers.

The rehabilitation works for the Tororo – Gulu line are scheduled to last 24 months, but the contractor is given one more month to organize the needed materials, equipment, and manpower.

The URC acting managing director, David Bulega Musoke, urged the contractor to use the same commitment and complete the project within time, so as to realise the much-needed boost to business in the northern region.

The 199.9 billion-shilling project is fully funded by the government of Uganda, according to Wangubo, as part of the efforts to increase the stock and quality of strategic infrastructure to accelerate Uganda’s competitiveness and create integrated transport infrastructure and services in the country.

He called on the contractor to abide by the local content clauses in the contract. He said that this will help empower Ugandans economically by giving them business but also training them to be able to take on other projects or assignments with URC.

Dai Dexin, the country manager for CRBC, pledged that they will beat the deadline and could finish the project even before the said date.

This, he said, is because URC has been very supportive of all the company’s undertakings which had made it easy for them to accomplish the work accordingly.

 “We will put emphasis on training domestic manpower as a way of transferring technology,” Dai said.

The works will feature drainage improvement, including the construction of new culverts and lining of side drains; earthworks; relocation of utilities, and rehabilitation of five steel girder bridges.

Others are railway track relaying works including ballasting, supply of new railway track materials, refurbishment of existing railway track materials, and construction of level crossings including signage.

Future plans include extending the line to Pakwach in West Nile.

In 2020, European firm Sogea Santon was contracted for the works funded by both the European Union (EU) and the government, but the contract last year ran into funding problems on the part of the government, leading to its termination.

The EU also terminated its grant contract with Uganda which was worth almost Sh100 billion.

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My reflections after the passing of a special friend (Muhakanizi)

RIP Keith Muhakanizi.

The passing of Keith Muhakanizi on April 13, 2023 took from us yet another very experienced and very honest policy economist of our time; a very hard-working man who loved his country so much. When I told Keith that I was going to work for UN in South Sudan, he told me he would not take a job outside of Uganda under any circumstances. He was also a very kind man.

His Professional life:

He was an unflagging and exciting debater especially on economic policy choices. He was forthright and did not shy away from stating his views. As a consequence, he sometimes made enemies because of his straight-from-the-shoulder sincerity. At one point in his service to the nation, he was persona-non-grata to Uganda’s Parliament. He had, it is alleged, been rude to our legislators. He endured.

Keith joined the then Ministry of Planning in 1982 when I first met him. He and Mr. Damoni Kitabire joined the Planning Department which was responsible for Macroeconomic matters (Gross Domestic Product, Balance of Payments, inflation, unemployment, and the like) where they were initially supervised by Mr. Kayuza and Mr. Tebigwayo respectively in the department that was headed by the late Professor Emmanuel Tumusiime-Mutebile as the Chief Government Planning Economist. With the help of their boss and mentor, both Keith and Damoni were sent to Warsaw Poland to undertake further training in National Economic Planning at post graduate diploma level.  Three years later in 1986, Keith and Damoni were again sent to undertake further training at Masters level in Macroeconomics at Manchester and Strathyclde University respectively. Their initial training in approach to economic policy formulation was, I believe, influenced by the late Professor Mutebile. Keith and Damoni worked and related closely; and in fact, Damoni was his best man when he wedded Janet.

Keith was the first of these two policy economists that began their professional life together to be elevated to prominence when he was appointed Secretary to the Presidential Economic Council (PEC) in the early days of the NRM Government. PEC meetings were often long and indeed often ended late at night. I recall that the Ministry was forced to buy him an official vehicle to facilitate his movements at night. I also recall that his work as PEC Secretary often put him in trouble, most probably because he proffered unwelcome advice to PEC members. And at one time, it put him and I together in one of such frequent troubles, when the then Prime Minister directed the Minister of Finance and Economic Planning to have us sacked from the civil service. It didn’t happen.

But PEC meetings served a very useful purpose in those very early days of the MRM Government. PEC meetings provided a forum where the President got to hear and sieve the views of all our policy makers of the time. It is my personal view that PEC meetings provided a forum out of which the decision to merge the then two Ministries of Finance on one hand and Planning and Economic Development on the other was conceived. Keith, the late Professor Mutebile and the late Mayanja Nkangi were some of the key persons in providing raw material from which the decision was made.

Indeed, after the decision was made in early 1992, Hon. Nkangi was appointed Minister and Professor Mutebile was appointed PS/ST. Keith was appointed Economic Advisor. To be very honest, up until then, Uganda’s economy was in a very bad shape. These gentlemen turned the economy round in record time. In seven years after 1992, Uganda’s GDP more than trebled.

Keith served as Economic Advisor to the Minister and later as Commissioner for Economic Development Policy, Director / Budget, Director / Economic Affairs, Deputy Permanent Secretary / Secretary to the Treasury (PS / DST) and Permanent Secretary / Secretary to the Treasury (PS /ST).   

Keith played a major role in achieving and maintaining macroeconomic stability, liberalizing the exchange rate and trade policy. As Secretary to the Treasury, and in partnership with Bank of Uganda, which he also served as a Director, he has been involved in reforming the financial system, liberalizing the financial markets and strengthening prudential regulation. These are, of course, only some of the concrete achievements to which Keith made a vital contribution.

His social life:

Keith is a Ntare School alumnus. He lived in Bugolobi flats during the early 1980s and liked to socialize with Justice Wilson Kwesiga, a teetotaller like Keith; and the late Stephen Zindonda and late Ben Zindonda who were all from Ntare School.

During our interactions socially, he exhibited a penchant for daring and fearless characteristics at a time when our political divisions dictated a lot of carefulness. He didn’t drink alcohol but enjoyed the company of these above-mentioned gentlemen even in the Middle-East where we used to spend late evenings. He never consumed alcohol until the l990s when the late Charles Twinomusinguzi and I literally forced him in Kampala Club.

Keith was daring, often fearless, but a positive personality who lit up any group in which he participated be it political discussions in Middle East, in the boardroom at work, in Parliament or indeed in Kampala club. On the night of his elevation to the office of PS / ST, I had already returned to Uganda after my service to the UN in South Sudan. He picked me from the Golf Club that night to serve as his choice for best man during the party that was provided to him by the Goat Club of Kampala Club.

I am very grateful I met Keith. He warmed up to many and was very generous. He did for me anything I requested him to; but I also know that his NO was final.

We will deeply miss the brilliance of his insights, and his challenges to conventional political and economic thinking———but most of all, his friendship and the pleasure of his company.

He did his last lap with his devotion to public duty undimmed. For those of us who were close, he made us very proud. Our caps are doffed as we cherish his memory.

Fare-thee-well my friend and rest in peace Keith.

Francis Tumuheirwe

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Retired Justice Musalu Musene passes on

RIP Justice Musene

Retired High Court Judge Wilson Musalu Musene is dead. The judiciary has announced.

“This is to announce the death of retired Judge of the High Court Wilson Masalu Musene that occurred this evening in Mbale. Funeral arrangements to be announced later” reads the statement posted on the judiciary social media platforms.

Musene died last evening at Mbale Referral Hospital. He had retired in 2021 after clocking the age of 65. At the time of his retirement, he was a residential Judge in Soroti.

Musene was in 2020 sanctioned by the United States government, through the US Department of Treasury, imposed financial sanctions and visa restrictions on him among other top dignitaries.

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IRON SHEET SAGA: Minister Amos Lugolobi arrested

Minister of State for Finance Planning and Economic and Development Amos Lugolobi

WP Mail SMTP

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State Minister for Finance in charge of Planning and Member of Parliament of Ntenjeru South in Kayunga district Amos Lugolobi has been arrested.

Lugolobi who confessed having received 300 pieces of iron sheets and used them to roof the animal shade is detained at Kira Police.

He is expected to be produced in court on Monday. However, sources within the security circles told Eagle Online that a number of suspects implicated in the saga will be arrested this weekend so as to be able to arraigned in court on Monday.

“Everybody whose file was remitted back at DPP will be arrested including those that have purportedly returned the iron sheets” said a source.

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Money Markets were liquid during the week despite mid-month tax remittances

Uganda shilling notes

Overall, trading was quiet after the festive period with the unit opening Tuesday’s session trading at the 3720/3730 levels, briefly weakening marginally to trade at the 3740/3750 levels and then later settling to trade at the 3725/3735 levels on Friday morning.

Corporates were remitting mid-month taxes during the week and therefore there was limited activity on the demand side whereas inflows from NGOs, commodity exporters and other sectors remained healthy, keeping the unit within a narrow range throughout the week. Looking ahead, we are still within the window for dividend payments (April – June) and therefore still anticipate some demand pockets. On the other hand, the supply side is still likely to see the usual flows and this is likely to continue keeping the unit within the 3680 – 3800 levels in the coming days.

Catherine Kijjagulwe- Head of Trading at Absa Bank Uganda said Money Markets were liquid during the week despite mid-month tax remittances due to healthy government securities maturities on Thursday, overnight yields traded at averages of 11.36%. Bank of Uganda held a Treasury Bill auction and yields in the 91-day, 182-day and 364-day tenors cleared at averages of 10.384%, 10.512% and 12.502% respectively. Bank of Uganda is scheduled to hold a UGX 400 billion 2-year and 10-year Treasury Bond auction on Wednesday 19th April 2023.

Flows were seen during the week in the Kenyan Market, and this helped service some of the demand tickets. Though overall, there are still outstanding demand tickets that need to be serviced. The currency traded within the 133.00 – 137.00 overall, still weak, and though the market still awaits some Kes strength as the interbank market slowly starts to trade actively.

“The dollar was under pressure on Thursday as jobless claims data printed at 239k – slightly higher than market expectation of 232k. US inflation printed at 5% it’s lowest since 2021 further cementing sentiments that the Fed is likely to end its hiking cycle,” she said.

The Euro appreciated on Thursday to touch highs of $1.1067 (Shs4127) as the dollar weakened and it closed the session at $1.1044 (Shs4118).

The Pound followed suit and also touched highs of $1.2537 (Shs4675) with positive sentiment about the UK Economy. It closed the day at $1.2520 (Shs4668).

Brent Crude traded at $86.24 (Shs321606) a barrel and West Texas Intermediate at $82.37 (Shs307174) a barrel driven by a weak dollar, supply cuts by the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries and increased demand from the European and Asian markets.

Gold traded at $2040.86 (Shs7.6 Million) an ounce.

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Kramoja iron sheets: Minister Kitutu granted Shs 10 Million cash bail

Minister Kitutu breaks down upon court refusal to grant her bail.

The Anti-Corruption Court has released Karamoja Affairs Minister Mary Goretti Kitutu and her brother Michael Kitutu Naboya.
The two are facing six counts which include loss of public property, corruption, receiving stolen property and conspiracy to defraud. The two denied all the charges. “I have heard and understand the charge; it is not true and I am not guilty,” she pleaded. Through her lawyers led by Michael Wamasebu, Gitutu applied for bail. Their applications were however on Wednesday turned down for lack of substantive sureties.


Appearing before Magistrate Joan Aciro, Kitutu was granted Shs 10 Million cash bail while her brother was granted Shs 3 Million cash bail. Their sureties were bonded Shs 100 Million non cash.
“I had the opportunity to look at the file in regards to today’s sureties. I find that the sureties are substantial and I go ahead to grant the application,” she ruled.


Prosecution avers that between June 2022 and January 2023 at the Office of the Prime Minister stores in Namanve, the three caused loss of public property in form of 9000 iron sheets by diverting them from the intended purpose of benefiting the Karamoja community empowerment programme to their own benefit knowing that such acts would result into loss of public property.
It is further alleged that the minister alongside her secretary between June 2022 and January 2023 caused the loss of 5,500 iron sheets meant for Karamoja.
Prosecution also states that Naboya Kitutu between similar months at Situmi village, Namisindwa district received 100 iron sheets marked ‘OPM Uganda’ having reason to believe the same to have been feloniously obtained.

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Over 6000 youths trained in fruit farming and modern agricultural

6300 young women and men in Nwoya district, northern Uganda have been trained in fruit farming, modern agricultural practices as well as financial literacy, and entrepreneurial skills.

The beneficiaries were part of the Delight with the Youth project implemented by Private Sector Foundation Uganda, Delight Uganda Limited and supported by the Mastercard Foundation. They were identified from the community and underwent two and half years of theoretical and practical lessons from the Delight Farm Institute in Lungulu Sub County, Nwoya district.

Stephen Asiimwe, the PSFU Chief Executive Officer disclosed that the beneficiaries were supported under the Lead Firm Structure Young Africa Works Project which aims at transforming the economic livelihoods of individuals.

“I am excited to be here to witness the transformation that has happened in this place, thanks to our partnership with Delight Uganda. We are celebrating the founders of Delight Uganda, local authority and the community for embracing the project and making it work. But more importantly, we are celebrating giving value to primary products such as fruits and crops so that our people can earn a living and transform their communities,” Mr. Asiimwe said.

Apollo Mayanja, the Lead Firm Structure Project Lead said that the beneficiaries gained skills in growing fruits, mindset change, commercial agriculture, value addition, marketing, and managing finances. He further disclosed that the Lead Firm Structure project has so far unlocked at-least 90,000 new work opportunities for the youth out of the intended 300,000 jobs targeted by the end of 2025.

“We are looking at directing creating 300,000 jobs but remember for every job, we create, it also unlocks other opportunities. We believe that the 300,000 we will create will also create thousands of other jobs. That is our humble contribution to addressing the unemployment issue in Uganda,” Mr. Mbaziira said.

Dr. Julian Adyeri, the chief executive officer of Delight Uganda noted that the project that sits on two square miles in Anaka, Nwoya district now supports a community school, fruits & trees nurseries, and cereals plantations, in addition to dormitories, irrigation schemes and silos storage facilities.

“We thank PSFU and Mastercard Foundation for this intervention. The hundreds of young women and men that have benefited from this project continue to transform their communities in different ways. We nonetheless acknowledge that this is just the start and much more deliberate efforts must be implemented if our country is to achieve total transformation,” Dr. Adyeri said.

Minus the over 6,000 job opportunities created by this project, Delight Uganda has a skilling institute where 12,167 (71 per cent being women) have received practical/hands-on training on selected business development modules.

Twenty-Six-year-old Milly Oroma, one of the direct beneficiaries from this project testified that the knowledge she attained from the Delight Uganda project has transformed her from a poor single mother into a confident, self-sustaining and productive business lady.

“I am now able to take care of myself, pay my kid’s school fees, support my parents and live calmly without worrying about what to eat tomorrow. My dream is to become as successful as Dr. Adyeri and create opportunities for hundreds of youth that are suffering like I used to,” Oroma said.

The Guest of Honour, Col. Charles Okello Engola, the state minister for Labour and Gender applauded Delight Uganda, PSFU and Mastercard Foundation for their contribution to Uganda’s economic transformation. He pledged the government’s support towards interventions aimed at addressing unemployment and closing the poverty gap.

“We are all inspired by how Dr. Adyeri and her team have transformed this place from a poor unknown village into an income generating hub. The impact this project has had on young people is wonderful. The Nwoya youth are very lucky for this project. We now need to recreate similar projects across the country. As a government, we are ready to partner with all stakeholders on matters of youth empowerment, jobs creation and poverty alleviation. We are committed to creating a conducive working environment for our Youth and Women.”

Brendah Ankunda, the PSFU Investment Specialist in charge of crops noted that 56 per cent of those that took part in this training were women, adding that the beneficiaries will now be primary producers of mangoes, citrus, and guavas for the Delight Factory that will process them in to juice and other value added products. She disclosed that the training was done in cohorts of between 100 to 200 trainees within the two and half years.

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I was aware of his illness- Museveni to fallen Keith Muhakanizi

President Museveni has revealed that aware of the dead Permanent Secretary in the Office of the Prime Minister, Keith Muhakanizi’s illness and it was being managed. Adding, “he came to see me before this round of treatment, it is sad that he didn’t make it.”

Muhakanizi died from a hospital in Milan, Italy, where he was taken for treatment about three days ago.

“I am shocked to hear of the death of PS. Keith Muhakanizi,” Museveni tweeted.

Museveni added, “I spoke to his wife in Milan and she told me what happened. I send condolences to the family and the people of Uganda. May his soul rest in eternal peace.”

Muhakanizi previously served as Permanent Secretary and Secretary to the Treasury at the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development for several years.

He was instrumental in Macroeconomics policy and planning, financial sector growth and private sector growth in the country and has served in various departments at the Ministry for years.

Muhakanizi has been serving as a member on Boards of numerous organizations. In addition to being the chairperson of the EPRC Board of Management, he served as the Chairman of East African Development Bank since May 25, 2013.

In the 1990s, he played a central role in the formulation and implementation of economic reforms that restored the macro-economic stability of Uganda’s economy.

Muhakanizi guided both the technical and policy development work in the preparation of successive National Development Plans.

Muhakanizi was born in Rukungiri District to the late Rev. Kosia Kajwengye and the late Zeridah Kajwengye. He was born to a family of 7 children, 4 boys and 3 girls.

Muhakanizi’s mother was a very kind and ardent religious woman while his father Kajwengye pioneered evangelism in Rujumbura that later spread throughout East Africa.

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