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Expedition to collect mosquitoes in Uganda

Aedes aegypti; adult female mosquito taking a blood meal on human skin

By Dr. Martin Lukindu
Malaria represents a heavy economic and health burden for communities across Uganda, with 90% of its population at risk, and an average of $500 million annual economic loss due to the disease.
The work we do at the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) in partnership with Imperial College London and the University of Notre Dame is aimed at addressing this challenge.


The three partner institutions are involved in a mosquito collection activity called “Close Kin Mark Recapture” (CKMR) to study dynamics and behaviour of the primary malaria transmitting mosquito Anopheles gambiae. CKMR is a technique used to estimate, among others, the population size and migration potential of organisms within their habitats.
This technique molecularly identifies closely related individual specimens (parent-offspring or half-siblings) among the field collected samples upon which the traits of interest can be estimated. In this study, mosquitoes are collected from a selected village by the field entomology team and taken to the laboratory at Uganda Virus Research Institute where they are further examined to establish their genetic background.


The mosquitoes captured in the field are used to estimate the population; survival rate, age-specific mortality rates, and dispersal range of these mosquitoes in the village. Developing a better understanding of these factors has a crucial role to play in assessing the potential of future vector control tools, like gene drive approaches.


The field entomology team captured as many adult mosquitoes as possible using various methods over a period of 14-21 days. The UVRI team set out in October 2021 to Jaana Island, Lake Victoria for three weeks to examine the population traits of malaria vector Anopheles gambiae using the CKMR approach. Prior to the field excursion, the communities had been engaged by the Stakeholder Engagement team at UVRI not only to seek a written consent but also for the community to appreciate the importance CKMR in achieving the goal of reducing the burden of malaria in Uganda.


The expedition was successful, and a total of 733 adult Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes were collected indoors from the three villages which inhabit Jaana island (Lwazzi, Kiku and Nalukandudde). Mosquito collections were carried out daily (early in the morning) using an aspiration method (prokopack). An average of 50 houses were sampled daily for the duration of the field excursion. The samples were then morphologically identified and preserved in individual tubes before being transported to UVRI for further analysis. In collaboration with the University of Notre Dame, the collected specimens will be molecularly analysed to estimate the various population traits that are the subject for this study.


Dr. Martin Lukindu
Postdoctoral Researcher, Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) Target Malaria Uganda

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Works Ministry to start registration of vehicles in July

URA and Works Ministry officials

The Ministry of Works and Transport (MoWT) is set to handle all vehicle registration functions with effect from July 1, 2023. This move is the final stage in the transition of Vehicle registration from Uganda Revenue Authority (URA) to MoWT that commenced three years ago.

The transition was managed in phases, with the first phase including post-registration services such as; Change of ownership, alterations, deregistration, duplicate plates and registration books successfully done. However, phase 2, including the first registration processing, was left with URA until MoWT was ready with a new Motor Vehicle Registration System (MVRS).

In a recent meeting between the Commissioner General of URA, John Musinguzi, and officials from the Ministry, it was revealed that the Ministry would be ready with the new Motor Vehicle Registration System (MVRS) beginning of the next financial year hence the move. To implement this, URA will hand over first-time registration and registration & licensing of foreign registered vehicles (temporary imports in TEVIES).

The new registration system will also capture vehicles coming into the country before the declaration in Asycuda. However, URA shall remain with the management of the revenue processes, thus continuing to collect the related Non-Tax Revenue from the MVRS.
Additionally, MoWT will take over the integrations with the motor vehicle database that URA has provided to various MDAs, including the Insurance Regulatory Authority, Uganda Police and Uganda Registration Services Bureau.

The move also aligns with the Government’s implementation and operationalisation of an Intelligent Transport Monitoring System (ITMS). This system requires the issuance of new digital plates to enable tracking of vehicles and motorcycles to combat crime facilitated by the use of vehicles. The system is to be provided by Joint Stock Company-Global Security.

To implement the system in the next financial year, MoWT issued regulations; requiring car owners to apply for replacing the old plates with digital plates with tracking devices, new number series for each vehicle category and new number series for each vehicle category for each Government agency.

A centralized vehicle register will be provided, and sensors will be inbuilt into the registration plates.

URA has welcomed the move; with the spokesperson Ibrahim Bbossa saying that having all aspects of motor vehicle registration offered by one agency will improve service delivery to Ugandans. He also called it a testament to the success of a project that started three years ago with the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding.

“It comes at a time when we are streamlining services as URA by leveraging on technology to simplify processes and user experience hence offering better service delivery to our clients; for us, that is a win,” he said.

Bbossa added that car owners would be informed of the changes as part of URA’s Taxpayer education programs before implementation.

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Accidents claim over 35 people during Easter Season

YY bus company registered 3rd fatal accident in two weeks.

At least 37 people died in road accidents during Easter Season.

The revelation was made by Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) Faridah Nmapiima.

According to Nampiima, a total number of 76 crashes occurred on our roads; 28 of those were fatal, 40 were serious and 8 were minor. The total number of victims is 113, among which 37 died and 76 sustained serious injuries.

“All the crashes that occurred during the Easter season have a different cause. We have careless overtaking where we registered 4 fatal crashes, 8 serious, and 2 minor, making a total of 14 crashes,” she said.

She said when it comes to overspending, police registered 11 fatal crashes, 14 serious, and four minor, making a total of 29 crashes. We have an unknown cause. We registered six fatal, three serious and one minor, making a total of 10 crashes.

“We have no passengers that died in the medium omnibus and heavy omnibus. We thank all those people who drive buses and coasters for the discipline you exhibited during this Easter season,” she said.

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NHCC, UAE investors meet to explore potential in Ugandan market

Amb. Mayega and Reportage team.

The Consul General of Uganda’s Consulate in Dubai, Ambassador Henry Mayega, the Chief Executive officer of National Housing and Construction Company (NHCC) Eng. Kenneth Kaijuka and Reportage Properties’ Alkesh Rajput have met to explore potential in the Uganda housing market.

Reportage Properties intends to invest in real estate in Uganda and is seeking to partner with NHCCL in several ventures that will include, in terms of location, but not limited to, Luzira, Bugolobi and Buganda Road.

According to Amb.Mayega, the two companies are to develop a memorandum of Understanding that will guide the partnership. Last week, Reportage Properties launched one of its mega projects at Buganda Road.

Eng. Kenneth Kaijuka, the Chief Executive Officer of NHCCL said it is important that they structure their relationship and are happy to deal with Reportage as their partners.

“Our mandate is to increase the housing stocks in the country, rehabilitate the housing industry and encourage Ugandans to own homes in an organized environment. But also, we are not stopped from getting other construction work and other business,” he said.

He said when the Ambassador is looking for you (Investors), he is looking for money. We have everything starting from construction materials to the market. Then the magic in the equation is normally how we attract favorable financing.

Rajput said when you have an international partner, they put up structures which meet the international standards and the cost will be slightly higher and I cannot afford to sell at an affordable price. But I’m not going to demonstrate that we should get a lot of very expensive units.

“You cannot have two drivers in one car. So, I will drive the car. But I need your support. And your support is very important and essential because you are very strong in this market. And you are the one who basically developed the entire country,” he said.

He said the company is worth $4.5 billion. We have done 11,000 units in six years. We are expanding. We have international presence, which will also add value to our projects in terms of sales.

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Uganda to impose unit trust contributions in new tax law 

Finance Minister, Matia Kasaija.

The Uganda government plans to impose a 15% withholding tax rate on Unit Trust contributions or Collective Investment Schemes, according to a new income tax law.

The Income Tax Amendment Bill 2023 recently tabled by the Finance Minister before Parliament, the government seeks to introduce 5% and 15% tax rates on the profit earned by members from their contributions to the scheme effective July 1 2023 if the bill is passed into law.

The government says the 5% tax rate will be applied to scheme members with total contributions not exceeding Shs100 million while those with contributions above Shs100 million will be subjected to a 15% tax rate.

According to the proposal, the income tax will be applied by way of withholding tax by the Unit Trusts on the profit amounts credited to the members’ accounts.

Until recently, members of unit trusts have been receiving their incomes tax-free after Uganda Revenue Authority faced an initial resistance when it attempted to start taxing the members’ incomes. This was because there was no clear policy on what to tax and how much to tax.

This proposed amendment is now intended to iron out the ambiguities in the law and make the taxation of the interest income and its administration clearer.

The proposal has, however, drawn criticism from several stakeholders who say the move will discourage investment in unit trusts.

One of them is PriceWaterHouseCoopers who say this proposal sends shock waves in unit trust investment. They said it will discourage investment in unit trusts in the country which is still very low.

 The Capital Markets Authority (CMA), a country’s statutory body responsible for regulating and promoting the development of capital markets in Uganda, also says the tax is a contradiction and that it’s a barrier to savings.

“The introduction of a withholding tax on income earned by investors in Unit Trusts to the contrary is a disincentive for savings,” CMA wrote in a statement.

“It is our understanding that Section 21(1) (t) of the ITA exempts the income of a Collective Investment Scheme from tax to the extent of distribution of the income. The purpose of this exemption is to encourage savings which are still at a relatively low base in Uganda.

“It has further come to the CMA’s attention that there are differences in interpretation of the Income Tax Act within the CIS industry which has led to variances in treatment of Withholding Tax on payment of investors’ interest by the CIS operators,” they added.

 An accumulation of evidence suggests that Uganda may be caught up in a public debt safety trap in which a favorable debt position based largely on Debt Sustainability Analysis results falsely signals that the country has more fiscal headroom to borrow, especially when debt is still below the set national or international limit.

Tax experts say the government is trying to come up with ways to plug a hole in the annual budget deficit after donors cut aid over accusations of corruption and human rights violations.

Already, URA has said it plans to collect Shs29.3 trillion in the 2023/24 financial year. However, it remains to be seen whether they will hit the target given the current low economic growth characterized by high inflation and low private sector investment in the country.

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Gen. Mbadi, Gen. Songesha meet to review operations Shujaa

The Chief of Defence Forces-CDF of the Uganda Peoples’ Defence Forces Gen. Wilson Mbadi and Chief of General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Congo –FARDC Lieutenant General Christian Tshiwewe Songesha have met to review operations Shujaa.

In November 2021, UPDF and UPDF launched operations in Shujaa. The operation aimed at flashing out the Allied Democratic Force (ADF) in the Eastern DRC. In October last year, DRC renewed UPDF’s contract maintaining its presence IN Felix Tshekedi’s country.

The joint forces captured over 100 ADF terrorists, killed and injured scores of them.

“We have been in this operation since November 2021 and we periodically do reviews to see the progress in order to totally annihilate the ADF together with our comrades of the FARDC,” said Gen Mbadi.

Speaking on behalf of General Christian Songesha, the Governor of North Kivu Lieutenant General Constant Ndima Kongba applauded President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni and Felix Tshisekedi Tshilombo for sanctioning the joint operation of totally uprooting the terrorist movement of ADF which was a huge threat to both countries.

“We joined the forces of FARDC and UPDF in order to uproot this threat in order to bring peace to the people of Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo. We as the military, we are determined to finish the mission that was assigned to us by the two Heads of State,” said Gen Ndima.

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Makerere University EC disqualifies NUP candidate from guild presidential race

Margaret Nattabi, NUP candidate

Margaret Nattabi, National Unity Platform Official Candidate has been disqualified by the Makerere University Guild Electoral Commission from the forthcoming 89th University guild presidential elections on allegations of involvement in a political debate that turned violent, injuring a student in the process.

Margaret Nattabi was disqualified alongside Suleiman Namwoza (Independent NUP leaning candidate) for allegedly organizing a Guild Kimeza on the night of April 5, 2023 at Mitchell Hall on the night of April 5, 2023, an exercise which was banned from the university.

The political debate is said to have later turned violent leaving one student identified as Robert Sserunjogi injured in the process. Sserunjogi is said to have been among the participants in the Kimeza campaign.

In a letter dated April 06, 2023, Levi Tshilumba, the Chairperson of the 89th Guild Elections said the two candidates have since been disqualified as their actions are contrary to the University’s Guild Statute, Section 10 which calls for a violent free election process.

“This is to inform the Makerere University students’ body that Guild President aspirants Nattabi Margaret (Complex hall) and Namwoza Sulaiman (Mitchell Hall) have been disqualified from the 89th Guild Presidential race,” Tshilumba stated.

“The participation of Nattabi and Namwoza in this event is contrary to Makerere University Guild Statute 2022, Section 10, which stipulates that student elections shall be virtual unless otherwise determined by the University Council,” he added.

However, sources at the venue revealed to this publication that NUP’s Nattabi was not even at the venue where the scuffle happened and that the Dean of Students first met both Nattabi and Namwoza and tried to forge a way forward that seemed non-violent.

The dismissal of the two leading candidates according to sources that preferred anonymity said the dismissal of Nattabi and Namwoza is part of the plot by the University Administration to determine who sits on the University Council, the highest decision-making organ of the University.

Nattabi when contacted for a comment on the matter said the University had always wanted to block her from participating and winning the election and “Now, they are fulfilling what they long wanted.”

Nattabi added that the University is just fighting her on the base of the political party (NUP) yet other candidates are holding the Kimeeza in their halls of residence.

In 2022, Makerere University Council banned physical guild elections at the institution following the death of a student in a scuffle during campaigns for guild elections.

The NUP Principal, Robert Kyagulanyi Ssentamu aka Bobi Wine said this is an affront to the sacred concept of academic freedom and the constitutional rights to speech and association that any academic institution must guard with its very existence.

“Academic freedom requires that students should be able to express themselves freely without fear of repression. Only then can institutions of higher learning achieve their purpose as guardians of reason and inquiry. It reinforces the protection our Constitution guarantees for any citizen to freely express their opinions and associate with any group of their choice,” Kyagulanyi said.

He added that throughout history, those freedoms have been a constant sword against tyranny, injustice & oppression. To them, Uganda owes its independence and so does Makerere’s existence.

“It’s a shame that the University’s myopic leaders are now sacrificing at the altar of political expediency the very freedoms that secured them their current jobs in the first place! If they have any shame, they should reconsider the decision as it sets a terrible precedent,” Kyagulanyi expressed adding, “Comrade Nattabi and other similarly affected candidates should be left to participate in the guild race without being persecuted for their political affiliations.”

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BAT Uganda on spot for smuggling illicit cigarettes, evading billions in tax

The British American Tobacco (BAT) Uganda and BAT Kenya have taken advantage of the loopholes in tobacco control governance systems and control the illicit trade of tobacco products to dump illicit cigarettes into the country, an investigative undercover report has revealed.

A spot check market survey has since established that several cigarette packets clearly labelled with digital export tax stamps for Rwanda, Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of Congo have been dumped into the Ugandan Market.

Ironically, last year, BAT Uganda launched a study, which found that 23% of cigarettes sold in Uganda were illicit, indicating unfair competition to established tobacco dealers and loss of revenue to the government.

The findings based on BAT Uganda’s approved study were carried out in the second half of 2021 by Kantar and indicated that there was a 54.5% increase in illicit trade in cigarettes into the country compared to September 2020 when the number stood at 15.4%.

The term illicit, according to BAT, refers to any cigarette pack, which based on its physical features, appears to be non-compliant with applicable legal requirements for sale in the country.

30 different packets of the Dunhill Switch had been specifically manufactured for the DRC market and also Dunhill Sweet for the Rwanda market and Tanzania respectively and were being sold in different bars, shops including Petrol stations such as ORYX and streets in Kampala ranging from sh25, 000-sh80, and 000 depending on the Location or venue.

The cigarettes had clearly been smuggled and were untaxed and unregulated.

Last year, Uganda Revenue Authority noted that trade in illicit cigarette trade could have cost the government of Uganda a total loss of about sh30b in revenue.

BAT in its 2022 performance results, said they had recorded a 6% revenue growth, to Sh99.5b.

BAT Uganda Managing Director, Mathu Kiunjuri said: “Whilst our business remains resilient, we reiterate our concern regarding the escalating prevalence of the illicit trade in tobacco products.”

It should be noted that on the 16th March 2023 BAT sponsored a Public-Private Sector Dialogue on Illicit Trade which was held at Kampala Serena Hotel, Kyoga Room.

In line with the Anti-Tobacco Control Act, such public engagements are not supposed to be sponsored by Tobacco Companies but BAT has continued to enjoy a front seat and showing the public that it is fighting Illicit Trade and yet the Government continues to lose revenue through BAT Brands being smuggled into the Country.

At the end of 2022, the illicit trade incidence in illicit tax-evaded cigarettes stood at approx. 29%, up from 24% in 2021 despite the efforts in place to curb it.” He added: “We acknowledge and appreciate efforts by the Government to fight illicit trade, including seizure of illicit cigarettes by the Uganda Revenue Authority, especially at the border towns in the North and Eastern parts of the country.

Some of the illicit cigarettes that are secretly smuggled and on sale in Uganda

While launching the Kantar report on June 28, 2022 BAT Board Chairperson, Elly Karuhanga, said that the biggest concern to the tobacco industry relates to tax-evaded cigarettes bearing fake stamps or no tax stamps at all.

“These products also do not bear the prescribed graphic health warnings on their packaging, in contravention with the Tobacco Control Regulation, 2019,” he said.

Karuhanga said the study reveals that more than half of illicit cigarettes (51%) on the market appear to be manufactured in Uganda based on the park markings with the rest being smuggled into the country from other countries and yet our investigations prove that what BAT said is true only that much of the products falling in that category are their high-end brands.

The same cigarettes being sold on the Ugandan market and imported from BAT sister company BAT Kenya were illicit and did not have the marks, no health warnings, packaging or labeling requirements which a requirement was set by the Ministry of Health and were readily available to several youths endangering their lives. They also didn’t have the necessary digital tax stamps of Uganda.

 These illicit products were untaxed and unregulated, and according to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO) affordability and accessibility to such cigarettes lead to increased use, this downward spiral into poverty and illness because of money spent on tobacco, and additional money spent on treating its ill-health effects, has dire health and economic consequences.

WHO in its 2022 report says that Tobacco use kills nearly 6 million people every year, including the 600 000 who are killed by the effects of exposure to second-hand smoke. Tobacco use is one of the main risk factors for a number of non-communicable diseases, including cancer, lung diseases and cardiovascular diseases.

Negative health impacts are associated with the use of all types of tobacco, including cigarettes, water pipes and smokeless tobacco.

The adverse health effects of tobacco use are also experienced by non-smokers exposed to secondhand smoke. Long-term exposure to second-hand smoke increases the risk of lung cancer, coronary heart disease and respiratory problems.

The investigation has revealed that cigarettes were being smuggled into the country disguised as legitimate brands such as Sportsman which is a serious customs offence and could attract penalties and jail sentence if found guilty in line with the East African Community Customs Management Act section 203, 207,208 and 210 respectively.

Illicit tobacco trade protocol to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control is the first international legal instrument that provides countries with guidance on political, technical and international collaboration, needed to eliminate the illicit trade in tobacco products.

Eliminating the illicit trade of tobacco products, will increase tobacco product prices, lower consumption, reduce premature deaths, and increase government revenues. Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession to the Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products is the starting point.

The Uganda Revenue Authority on March 5, 2023 launched an operation targeting BAT products and this website still waits to see what action will be done on all those behind.

It should be noted that Tax evasion is a Board room policy and from research BAT has been a subject of various Tax Evasion Investigations cases and Uganda should be on a watch out,

It is alleged that for every carton imported into the country from Kenya, some Dunhill Bombers are hidden. This will be the work of Customs to subject risk management and verify 100% on such consignments.

The investigations showed various places and made purchases of the Illicit Brands and the following are established sources of BAT brands as detailed: Cask bar kololo, Plot 8 lounge Kololo, Levers bar Kololo, Lavent Najera, Old Timers Ntinda, Total Ntinda, Oryx Nalya, Total Kyaliwajara, Nexus Najera, Chambers Ntinda, Shell kiwatule, Oryx kiwatule, Xhub Najera, Oryx Lugogo bypass.

WHO recommended actions for eliminating the illicit trade in tobacco products, is to commit to, and become Party to the Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products. Ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to the Protocol, is the starting point to saving lives lost to tobacco.

When contacted for a comment, BAT MD Mathu Kiunjuri said he was not in Uganda and the company will issue a statement at an appropriate time.

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KARAMOJA IRON SHEET: Minister Kitutu remanded to Luzira prison

Anti- Anti-Corruption Court has remanded Karamoja Affairs Minister Mary Goretti Kitutu to Luzira prison.


Kitutu, her brother Michael Kitutu Naboya and Secretary Joshua Abaho were earlier today charged with six counts which include loss of public property, corruption, receiving stolen property and conspiracy to defraud. Abaho was however not present in court.
The two denied all the charges. “I have heard and understand the charge; it is not true and I am not guilty,” she pleaded. Through her lawyers led by Michael Wamasebu, Gitutu applied for bail.


Kitutu contended that she suffers from a heart disease with left ventricle stiffness, advanced age 61, fixed resident of Bunga, mother and grandmother of seven, willingness to tender in her diplomatic passport among other as grounds.
Magistrate Joan Aciro ruled that their applications will be determined on 1 April 12,2023 and remanded her to Luzira prison.
She had presented four sureties who include her husband Michael Kitutu; , Simon Mulongo former MP and diplomat at the AU; Seith Wambede, MP Mbale City and Dr Joel Wandabwa, a plastic surgeon.


Prosecution avers that between June 2022 and January 2023 at the Office of the Prime Minister stores in Namanve, the three caused a loss of public property in the form of 9000 iron sheets by diverting them from the intended purpose of benefiting the Karamoja community empowerment programme to their own benefit knowing that such acts would result into loss of public property.


It is further alleged that the minister alongside her secretary between June 2022 and January 2023 caused the loss of 5,500 iron sheets meant for Karamoja.
The prosecution also states that Naboya Kitutu between similar months at Situmi village, Namisindwa district received 100 iron sheets marked ‘OPM Uganda’ having reason to believe the same to have been feloniously obtained.

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Ministry of Gender under spotlight for malnourished ‘juvenile prisoners’

Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development is under spotlight for malnourished juvenile prisoners.

A leaked picture of three juvenile that has been doing rounds on social media show two juvenile prisoners who seem to be suffering from under feeding or mistreatment in juvenile detention centres around the country.

Officially Ugandan Prisons doesn’t hold juveniles. Children in conflict with the law are principally the responsibility of the Ministry of Gender, Labor and Social Development.

Juvenile justice, which concerns children in conflict with the existing laws is about the specific ways of working with children who are alleged to have committed offences, including their apprehension, the procedures involved in investigating and charging them with any offences committed, decisions about whether to.

Uganda has juvenile detention centres/ remand homes in Mbale, Naguru Fort Portal and Gulu.

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